24.1.05
Este país não será salvo pelos liberais
Já tinha dito isto? É verdade. Os liberais não costumam ser políticos e os políticos não costumam ser liberais. Não se trata de uma coincidência. O que se passa é que o liberalismo é apolítico. Não se imagina um liberal a ministro da agricultura a distribuir subsídios e a receber associações de agricultores ou a pedir mais fundos a Bruxelas. Não se imagina um liberal a discutir o financiamento de uma campanha eleitoral com um pato bravo. Não se imagina um liberal a trocar favores por apoios. Não se imagina um liberal num conselho de ministros a discutir os subsídios à cultura, os apoios às pescas ou as formas de proteger os centros de decisão nacionais. Não se imagina um liberal a prometer estádios, TGVs, Alquevas e Expos. Um liberal na política não teria ideias novas todos os dias porque todas as ideias liberais já são velhas, nem «novas políticas sociais» porque um liberal não é um social-liberal, nem estaria preocupado com «os problemas dos portugueses» porque para um liberal esse é um problema dos portugueses e não do estado. Ora, se assim é, o que é que um liberal iria fazer para a política?
23.1.05
Ética e economia
Dizer que a ética deve estar acima da economia é o mesmo que dizer que a ética deve estar acima da física das ondas e por isso os tsunamis deviam ser abolidos.
Domingo Liberal nº 3
A nível da opinião (sem dúvida o ponto forte do DL), e sem prejuízo dos restantes, destaco esta semana os artigos de José Adelino Maltez, João Miranda, Carlos de Abreu Amorim, José Pedro Nunes, Carlos de Jesus Fernandes e Miguel Noronha.
Suécia e China
Num artigo sobre as limitações do Index of Economic Freedom, Stefan M.I. Karlsson coloca a questão de saber se há mais liberdade na Suécia ou na China:
For example, take Sweden and China. Which of these are the most free? On the one hand, Sweden has an enormous welfare state spending more than 55% of GDP and also has extremely powerful unions which have been given the power by the state to force companies operating in Sweden to obey their command, while China has public spending of only about 20% of GDP and has no unions with any real power. Moreover, labor and environmental laws are far more intrusive in Sweden than in China.
On the other hand, despite great progress in recent years in reducing tariffs and non-tariff trade barriers, China is still more protectionist than Sweden. Also unlike Sweden, China still has capital flow controls and its state-owned companies still play a greater role (although that role is steadily declining due to the extremely high growth rate in the private sector) in the economy than in Sweden. And the court system and local authorities are clearly more arbitrary and corrupt than in Sweden. So, is the Swedish or the Chinese economy the most free?
Um socialista honesto
David Boaz recorda Robert Heilbroner:
Robert Heilbroner, the bestselling writer of economics, died early this month at the age of 85. He and John Kenneth Galbraith may well have sold more economics books than all other economists combined. Alas, their talents lay more in the writing than the economics.
(...)
Few socialists outside the Communist Party are willing to acknowledge that real socialism means trading our "Millian liberties" for the purported good of economic planning and "a morally conscious collectivity."
He was not entirely impervious to new evidence, however. In 1989, he famously wrote in The New Yorker:
"Less than 75 years after it officially began, the contest between capitalism and socialism is over: capitalism has won... Capitalism organizes the material affairs of humankind more satisfactorily than socialism."
In The New Yorker again the next year, he reminisced about hearing of Ludwig von Mises at Harvard in the 1930s. But of course his professors and fellow students scoffed at Mises's claim that socialism could not work. It seemed at the time, he wrote, that it was capitalism that was failing. Then, a mere 50 years later, he acknowledged: "It turns out, of course, that Mises was right" about the impossibility of socialism. I particularly like the "of course." Fifty years it took him to grasp the truth of what Mises wrote in 1920, and he blithely tossed off his newfound wisdom as "of course."
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