Sociedade Civil

A capacidade da sociedade para se auto-organizar revela-se quando o Estado e a sociedade estão em conflito:

Irlanda

• Gaelic Athletic Association
• Conradh na Gaeilge
• Young Ireland

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Polónia:

• Solidarity (o sindicato)

• History of Solidarity
  

África do Sul:

• Black Sash
• Black Consciousness Movement
• End Conscription Campaign

India:

• Salt Satyagraha

Kosovo:

In December 1989, Rugova and a number of other dissents sent up the Democratic League of Kosovo as a vehicle for opposing Milošević's policies. Rugova became leader after the first candidate, Rexhep Qosja, a prominent nationalist writer, refused the job. The new party was an overwhelming success and within months, 700,000 people – virtually the entire adult population of Kosovo Albanians – had joined. The LDK established a "shadow government" to provide education and health services to the Albanian population, which was either excluded from or chose not to use the equivalent services provided by the Serbian government. An underground Kosovo Assembly was founded with Bujar Bukoshi acting as Prime Minister from the safe distance of Germany. The shadow government's activities were mostly funded by the overseas Kosovo Albanian diaspora, based primarily in Germany and the United States. However, Rugova's government was recognised officially only by the government of Albania.